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Within the system for accounting for landlords' revenues, a tenement might sell part or all of the knight's fee to another knight, which would carry with it the obligation to provide knight-service. This led to a large number of peers becoming richer than they might otherwise have been and some, like the Duke of Lancaster and the Duke of Northumberland, owning no land at all.
In cities, markets were held in the open. This happened at urban crossroads known as'market cross' or 'lynch cross' and at the larger 'cross-trade' or 'balds'. These were the intersections between main roads and the narrow streets through which pedestrians could move. According to the Domesday Book, there were 3,884 such locations in total and 2,009 of these were market crosses, which accounted for half of the total. Rich merchants also used the open market to find goods, as it was not regulated by the royal courts.
Knight-service was the means by which the lord levied his tax on his vassals, although a'service' of any kind implied some sort of obligation; a'service-hand' or down may be compared with the'service of a hand' or tax. The term obligation which derives from the obligation to support your vassals (or men at arms) in times of war, was a service rendered in peacetime. It was an annual levy made to maintain a retinue of knights (supplementing the knights in the household, and providing a second retinue for occasions such as attending royal levees). In January 1301, two years before the signing of the great military agreement between Edward II and Robert le Brus, details of this agreement were laid before the Great Council. The Knights of the Household, then numbering 24, were drawn up into two teams called 'alaunts', 'alractes', or 'alaunts and alractes'. The 'alaunts' were the main tax collectors, the 'alractes' were support troops for the 'alaunts'. There were 50 'alaunts' and 'alractes' in 1301. d2c66b5586
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